Berlin Cathedral (left) and Berlin Palace (right), 1900 Hinein the 12th century the region came under German rule as parte of the Margraviate of Brandenburg, founded by Albert the Bear rein 1157. Early evidence of middle age settlements hinein the area of today's Berlin are remnants of a house foundation dated 1270 to 1290, found in excavations hinein Berlin Mitte.[30] The first written records of towns in the area of present-day Berlin date from the late 12th century.
The Gendarmenmarkt is a neoclassical square hinein Berlin, the name of which derives from the headquarters of the famous Gens durchmesser eines kreises'armes regiment located here rein the 18th century.
The annual Berlin Marathonlauf – a course that holds the most top-10 world record runs – and the ISTAF are well-established athletic events in the city.[282] The Mellowpark rein Köpenick is one of the biggest skate and BMX parks in Europe.
Landesweit and international migration into the city has a long history. Hinein 1685, after the revocation of the Edict of Nantes rein France, the city responded with the Edict of Potsdam, which guaranteed religious freedom and tax-free Stand to French Huguenot refugees for ten years.
The Industrial Revolution transformed Berlin during the 19th century; the city's economy and Individuenbestand expanded dramatically, and it became the main railway hub and economic center of Germany. Additional suburbs soon developed and increased the area and Fortpflanzungsgemeinschaft of Berlin.
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After the war, the repaired bridge served as a checkpoint and border crossing between the Soviet and American sectors, and later between East and West website Berlin. Hinein the mid-1950s, it welches closed to vehicles, and after the construction of the Berlin Wall hinein 1961, pedestrian traffic welches heavily restricted. Following German reunification, the center portion was reconstructed with a steel frame, and U-Bahn service resumed in 1995.
A partial opening by the end of 2020 of the Humboldt Talkshow museum, housed hinein the reconstructed Berlin Palace, which had been announced rein June, welches postponed until March 2021.
Berlin is the central location to several international and regional television and radio stations.[175] The public broadcaster RBB has its headquarters in Berlin as well as the commercial broadcasters MTV Europe and Welt.
The Tempodrom is host to concerts and circus-inspired entertainment. It also houses a multi-sensory spa experience. The Admiralspalast hinein Mitte has a vibrant program of variety and music events.
It originates from a Brandenburgish variant. The dialect is now seen more like a sociolect, largely through increased immigration and trends among the educated Fortpflanzungsgemeinschaft to speak standard German hinein everyday life.
The cityscape of Berlin displays large quantities of urban street art.[240] It has become a significant parte of the city's cultural heritage and has its roots rein the graffiti scene of Kreuzberg of the 1980s.
Young people, international artists and entrepreneurs continued to settle in the city and made Berlin a popular entertainment center in the world.[228]
The expanding cultural performance of the city welches underscored by the relocation of the Universal Music Group Weltgesundheitsorganisation decided to move their headquarters to the banks of the River Spree.